Basic Life Support Training on Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation among Class IV employees working in Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni (Bk)

 

Rubina Cambell1, T. Sivabalan2

1Assistant Professor, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Nursing, Loni, Bk.

Dist: Ahmednagar (M.S.) India. 413736.

2Professor, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Nursing, Loni, Bk.

Dist: Ahmednagar (M.S.) India. 413736.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: ruby.cambell@gmail.com

 

 

ABSTRACT:

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the common public health problems in the world. The cardiac arrest individual needs immediate rescue care (CPR) to support and maintain breathing and circulation. The public and non-medical professionals lack awareness and skill in performing CPR may leads to withdrawal and faulty CPR technique. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of Basic life support training on knowledge and skill of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation among class IV employees and compare the knowledge and skill with their demographic variables. Methods: A quasi experimental study, pre-test and post-test design with control group approach was conducted among 30 Class IV employees working in Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni. The class IV employees above 18 years were selected using simple random sampling. Data was collected by pre designed structured questionnaire and checklist. The results were analyzed using descriptive (percent, mean and SD), inferential statistics (paired “t” test and Chi square test). Results: The result revealed that there was an improvement in the knowledge on CPR (pre-test mean score 11.93±2.79 and post test score was 16.97±3.43, with effectiveness of 16.8%. The difference between the scores was significant ‘t’= 11.39 at 0.05 level.   The participants exhibited partially adaptive skill on CPR with mean score of 13.4±3.12, scores range from 1 to 20. The socio demographic variables like age and area of work were significantly associated with knowledge, and age was significantly associated with skill on CPR (P<0.05). Conclusion: After the basic life support training there is a significant improvement in knowledge and skill on CPR by the class IV employees. This training can be used as standardized protocol for training the lay person on CPR which significantly contributes in reduction of mortality and morbidity.

 

KEYWORDS: Basic life support training, Knowledge, Skill, CPR and Class IV employees.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

World Health Organization (2011) estimated that 17.3 million people died from Cardio Vascular Diseases in 2008, representing 30% of all global deaths. Of these deaths, an estimated 7.3 million were due to coronary  heart disease and 6.2 million were due to stroke. By 2030, almost 23.6 million people will die from cardio vascular disease.1

 

World health organization (2004) estimated that in India the ischemic heart disease had become leading cause of death in 2004 accounting for 1.46 million deaths (14% of total deaths) and deaths due to ischemic heart disease were expected to double by 2015.2

 

Wockhart Hospital Statistics (2010) reported that the sudden cardiac deaths account for more than 40-45 % of cardiovascular deaths in India. Nearly 75% of the people who die of sudden cardiac arrest show signs of a coronary artery disease. The timely treatment (cardio pulmonary resuscitation and the advanced life support) helps bring back patient to their normal functioning of life.3

 

Sim M S (2009) conducted a study on Basic cardiac life support education for 880 non-medical hospital employees and observed the effectiveness, which revealed that only 22.3% of employees were performed all skills of CPR; while 56.3% employees were rated as incompetent and 43.7% of subjects were rated as competent. While all the employees have the opinion of anyone can give CPR as long as they know to do it properly.4

 

The above-mentioned studies proved that the basic life support training enhances the knowledge and competency of performing the cardio pulmonary resuscitation procedure. Thereby the number of cardiac arrest victims may rescue and have improved the survival rate. In personal as well in professional exposure the researcher also observed that in the daily practice the most of cardiac arrest victims were rescued by the health care professionals and the individuals who have training on CPR.5

 

While the non- medical professionals and lay peoples were unable to perform cardio pulmonary resuscitation because of lack of knowledge and training on basic life support / CPR. Though the common people have attitude to provide rescue services during the emergency, due to the lack of awareness and inability to perform CPR may leads to increased mortality of cardiac arrest victims. Thus the present study was undertaken to improve the knowledge and skill on cardio pulmonary resuscitation among class IV employees thereby to reduce the mortality related to cardiac arrest.6

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Research design and approach:

Quantitative evaluatory approach.

Type of Study: quasi experimental Study

Research design: pre-test post-test design

Research variables:

Independent variable: educational intervention

Dependent variable: knowledge and attitude

Extraneous variables: Age, educational status, occupation, religion, type of family, family income

Setting of the study: PIMS Loni (BK), Ahmednagar.

Population: Class IV workers

Sampling Technique: Simple random sampling

Sample Size: -60

 

Inclusion criteria:

·       Class IV workers

·       Willing to participate in study...

·       Able to read and write Marathi.

 

Exclusion criteria:

·       Not willing to participate in study

·       not available during data collection

 

Methods of data collection:

structured questionnaire (for assessment of knowledge) and checklist (for assessment of skill).

 

Reliability:

The tool was found to be reliable (questionnaire r = 0.8 and checklist r = 0.76)

 

Analysis and interpretation of study findings:

The significant findings in relation to socio-demographic characteristics of the class IV employees was (43.3%) were 18-28 years of age, majority (83.3%) were males, highest percentage (63.33%) had secondary level education, (36.6%) had income of Rs 2000-4000 and most (76.6%) were Hindu, (36.67%) were working at educational institutes, more than half (56.67%) had more than 06 years of work experience and (43.33%) received information through health care professionals.

 

The significant findings in relation to knowledge and skill on CPR, overall in pre-test the knowledge score on CPR was (11.93±2.79) which is 39.77%, indicates ‘average level of knowledge’, while after the implementation of Basic life support training, in post-test the overall knowledge score was (16.97±3.43) which is (56.57%) indicates ‘good level of knowledge’. The effectiveness of training was (16.8%), which is statistically significant (‘t’= 11.39) at p <0.05 level. With regard to skill score on CPR was (13.4±3.12) which is 67 indicates, the class IV employees had ‘partially adaptive’ skill in the performance of CPR techniques.

 

The findings related to the association between the variables revealed that there was significant association found between knowledge scores and the demographic variables like age (x2= 4.32) and area of work (x2= 3.92) at p<0.05 level, while the skill was significantly associated with age (x2= 6.81) at p<0.05 level.

 

DISCUSSION:

Assessment of the knowledge regarding CPR among class IV employees before implementation of Basic life support training programme:

Out of 30 maximum attainable score, in pre-test the overall mean score was (11.93±2.79) which is 39.77% shows that the class IV employees had ‘average knowledge’ on CPR. The findings was parallel with the study carried out by Parajulee S and Selvaraj V (2011) who found that the respondents mean ± SD of the overall total knowledge scores was 11.45±2.67 (the maximum possible score was 21) and the authors suggested a need for the educational interventions to improve the knowledge on CPR.7

 

Assessment of the effectiveness of Basic Life Support Training programme on knowledge and skill regarding CPR:

In post-test the overall mean knowledge score of class IV employees was (16.97±3.43) which is (56.57%) indicates that class IV employees had good knowledge and had the 16.8% of effectiveness. It was statistically evident that there was a significant gain in the mean knowledge scores on CPR after the Basic life support training. The findings are well supported by Naqvi S, Siddique R, Hussain S A, Batool H and Arshad H (2011) that the participants showed highly significant improvement in knowledge after CPR training and learned the method of performing the Basic life support skills with accuracy.8

 

In post-test the overall mean skill score of class IV employees was (13.4±3.12) which is 67% of the maximum score, indicates that the class IV employees had ‘partially adaptive’ skill on performance of CPR technique. The findings of study was parallel with the study outcome of Woollard M, Whitefield R, Smith A, Colquhoun M, Newcombe R G and Vetter N (2004) that after CPR training 80% of subjects practiced the correct sequence of CPR and showed the competence in performance of CPR procedure.9

 

The findings revealed that highly significant difference was found between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores (t value – 11.39, p <0.05) which indicates the effectiveness of Basic life support training programme. The findings of the study were well supported by Nori J M, Saghafinia M, Motamedi M H and Hosseini S M (2012) that there was significant difference between the knowledge on CPR was observed with p<0.001 on before and after the training (with ANOVA test).10

 

The findings show that there was significant association between their knowledge scores and demographic variables like age (x2 = 4.32) and area of work (X2 = 3.92) and other variables had no association. These findings are contradictory with the study carried out by Patsaki A, Pantazopoulos I, Dontas I, Passali C, Papadimitriou L and Xanthos T (2012) that there was no significant association between the total knowledge scores and age (p=0.271).

 

The outcome of the study noticed that there was significant association between their skill scores and demographic variables like age (x2 = 6.81), while the other variables had no significant association. The findings were Co-existent with the study carried by Sim M S, Jo I J and Song H G (2009) that the age was the only factor that was significantly associated with skill acquisition of CPR.

 

The study result emphasizes that there was a positive co-relationship between the knowledge and skill on CPR (r = 0.238) among the class IV employees. This outcome was well documented by Todd B B, Johnny A, Devashish S, Shah R C, Stacey C S, Thomas T T, Richard K A and John W W (2006) that the accurate knowledge on CPR was significantly co-related with the better performance of CPR techniques (Chest compressions and ventilations).

 

Since the level of knowledge and skill on CPR was improved after the implementation of Basic life support training programme among class IV employees, it was evident that using educational methods with medias would increase the knowledge and skill levels, ultimately facilitates better CPR techniques thereby to reduce the mortality rate and minimizes the impact and cost of critically ill patients.

 

SUMMARY:

From the discussion it was evidenced that our research findings were very much consistent and parallel to various number of scientific studies and reports. It was proved that the problem chosen for the study was common and have greater significance in the medical and nursing practice. The study mimics the research methodology used by the other researchers. Further, this study results may show the path to the researchers to undertake the scientific work in an organized manner.

 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

The authors are grateful to the authorities of Pravara Medical Trust’s, College of Nursing Loni, Bk. District:- Ahmednagar (MH ) India .413736.

 

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

 

REFERENCES:

1.      Wikipedia, (2013): cardiopulmonary resuscitation[cited on 2020 April 22]; available from URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cardiopulmonaryresuscitation

2.      Wikipedia, (2009): Lactation [cited on 2020 April 22]; available from URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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4.      Basvanthappa B.T. Nursing Research 1st ed, Published by Jaypee (1998), New Delhi, pp.37-234

5.      Joyce Black M, Medical Surgical Nursing, vol-2, 7th ed, New Delhi, Published by Elsevier, (2005), pp.210-15

6.      Brunner and suddarths, Medical Surgical Nursing, Published by Lippincott, (1996), pp.754-58.

7.      Rosdahi Caroline Bunker ,Text book of basic nursing, 6thed,published by J.B. Lippincott Company,(1990), pp. 370-73.

8.      Susan Dewit  C, Essentials of Medical Surgical Nursing, 2nd ed vol 1, Published by W. B. Savanders Company Philadelphia, (1992), pp. 284-88.

9.      Dignatavicium Donna. D. Medical Surgical Nursing, 2nd ed vol 1, published by  W. B. Savnders  Company Philadelphia, (1995), pp.284-88.

10.   LoBiondo Geri, Nursing Research, 3rd ed, Published by Mosby, (1990), pp.110-14.

 

 

 

Received on 30.10.2022           Modified on 24.12.2022

Accepted on 05.02.2023          © A&V Publications all right reserved

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2023; 11(3):247-250.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2023.00056